Proteomic Characterization of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Exposed to a 50 Hz Magnetic Field

Authors: Bracci M, Lazzarini R, Piva F, Giulietti M, Marinelli Busilacchi E, Rossi E, Di Criscio F, Santarelli L, Poloni A

Year: 2025 Jun 24

Category: Molecular Biology

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

DOI: 10.3390/ijms26136035

URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/13/6035

Abstract

Overview

Exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) can induce significant biological alterations in human cells, specifically in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The molecular mechanisms and regulatory factors driving this cellular response are not yet fully understood.

Study Design

  • PBMCs were isolated from three human subjects.
  • The cells were exposed to a 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF-MF for 24 hours.
  • Proteomic profiles of exposed PBMCs were compared with those from unexposed cells from the same individuals.

Findings

  • ELF-MF exposure altered the expression of multiple PBMC proteins.
  • No effects were observed on cell proliferation, viability, or cell cycle progression.
  • 51 proteins were upregulated, with 36 intercorrelated and associated with cellular metabolic processes.
  • SLC25A4, involved in mitochondrial energy exchange, was consistently upregulated.
  • 67 proteins were downregulated, many linked to T cell costimulation, activation, and immune system processes.
  • Key downregulated proteins included ASPSCR1, PCYT1A, PCYT2, QRAS, and REPS1.

Conclusion

ELF-MF exposure induces metabolic reprogramming in human PBMCs, marked by upregulation of mitochondrial proteins and downregulation of immune-activation-related proteins. This occurs without compromising cell viability or proliferation. The findings highlight clear and measurable biological impacts of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human blood cells, suggesting potential health implications through altered cellular metabolism and immune system regulation.

ELF-MF proteomics PBMC magnetic field exposure immune system metabolic reprogramming protein expression
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