Abstract

Overview

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the association between extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs), which are currently classified as a possible carcinogenic factor (Group 2B), and the incidence of childhood cancer.

Background

• ELF-MFs are classified by international health bodies as potentially carcinogenic.
• The study evaluates the connection between ELF-MFs exposure from sources like power transmission and electrical appliances, and risks of childhood cancer.

Methodology

Three databases were searched as of January 2020, compiling data on ELF-MF exposure levels among children and subsequent cancer diagnoses.

Findings

• Analysis included data from 30 studies involving 186,223 participants.
• Exposure to various intensities of ELF-MFs was linked to enhanced odds of developing childhood leukemia and brain tumors:
• Children exposed to 0.2-μT, 0.3-μT, and 0.4-μT ELF-MFs had significantly higher odds of developing childhood leukemia.
• A possible dose-response effect highlights increasing risk with higher exposures.

Conclusion

Significant links were found between ELF-MF exposure and increased risk of childhood leukemia, with a noted dose-response effect. These findings underscore the importance of further investigations into ELF-MFs as an environmental hazard potentially contributing to childhood cancers.