Modelling and Evaluating Electromagnetic Field Exposure in the Multiple-Source Scenario of Using IoT HF RFID Readers

Authors: Patryk Zradziński

Year: 2022 Mar 10

Category: Environmental Health

Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health

Institution: Int J Environ Res Public Health

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063274

URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/6/3274

Abstract

Overview

The study primarily focuses on assessing the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and induced electric field (Ein) values within the context of multiple high-frequency (HF) RFID readers implemented in Internet of Things (IoT) devices on public transport vehicles.

Findings

  • The research evaluates SAR and Ein under different scenarios where a person is near multiple RFID readers in a public transport setup.
  • Numerical models were used to map EMF exposure under realistically simulated conditions, considering various reader locations and the proximity of a person using a Passive Integrated Circuit Card (PICC) and a bystander.
  • Significant influence on human health is noted where RFID readers, distanced at 10 cm from the body, emit electromagnetic fields continuously, particularly when the reading ranges exceed 15-23 cm for a single reader and are compacted by 15% (ranging 13-20 cm) when multiple sources are employed.

Conclusion

Results indicate a need for rigid scrutiny regarding EMF emission from multiple RFID reader usages in public transport systems, addressing potential health risks linked with extended and multiple source exposure scenarios.

EMF RFID IoT SAR public health electromagnetic fields PICC
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