Multi-hop D2D Communication in Cellular Networks to Minimize EMR

Abstract

Overview

With the advent of IoT, and the increasing demand for infotainment, there is a rapid increase in data sources that transmit at high data rates over a long duration. This rising trend leads to an ever-increasing level of associated Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) in our environments.

Findings

The study investigates the emission powers from close-range sources such as mobile phones, considering the duration of transmission sessions as critical components to evaluate the detrimental effects of EMR. To mitigate the risks associated with EMR exposure, this study proposes a novel approach—short-range multi-hop packet forwarding combined with cognitive channel allocation tailored for LTE technologies.

Theoretical analyses help define limits for the permissible channels and corresponding data rates. This arrangement assists nodes in maintaining transmission times within safe Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) limits.

Conclusion

• The paper outlines a tactical algorithm for multi-hop routing and channel selection utilizing cognitive radio technology.
• Extensive simulations in the 5G New Radio (NR) spectrum demonstrate substantial enhancements in energy efficiency, simultaneously reducing SAR and the near-field heating across the network.