Effects of Electromagnetic Waves with LTE and 5G Bandwidth on the Skin Pigmentation In Vitro

Abstract

Overview

With the growing prevalence of wireless communication devices, the impact of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on health, particularly skin health, is increasingly a subject of important research. This study assesses whether the frequencies used in LTE and 5G bandwidths influence skin pigmentation.

Methodology

• Frequency Exposure: Tested both Long-term evolution (LTE, 1.762 GHz) and 5G (28 GHz).
• Cell Lines Used: Murine and Human melanoma cells (B16F10 and MNT-1).
• Exposure Duration: 4 hours per day, reflecting upper limits of average smartphone usage.

Findings

No significant effects were observed on cell viability or pigmentation in melanoma cells due to either LTE or 5G exposure. Additionally, analyses in a 3D pigmented human epidermis model (MelanoDerm™) showed minimal changes, suggesting limited health risks under normal use conditions.

Conclusion

Despite concerns regarding EMF and health risks, this study indicates that LTE and 5G bandwidths do not significantly affect skin pigmentation or melanin synthesis under regular smartphone usage. However, continuous observation and research are recommended to monitor long-term health effects.