Abstract

Overview

The increasing deployment of battery-powered electric vehicles raises concerns regarding the emissions of electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (EMF) generated by these vehicles. This study investigates the extent of EMF emissions from electric vehicles and their potential health risks.

Findings

• All vehicles, regardless of the drive type, generate electromagnetic fields.
• A critical feature is that vehicle interiors, where passengers are enclosed, can have multiple EMF sources contributing to exposure.
• The study conducted extensive measurements under real operating conditions on five purely electric vehicles and one diesel vehicle for comparison.
• Findings suggest that the EMF levels in electric vehicles are generally low, averaging up to 5% of the ICNIRP limit values for low-frequency fields and about 10% for high-frequency fields. However, peak readings for low-frequency fields reached up to 50% of the limits.

Conclusion

While the general EMF emissions from electric vehicles' drives do not pose significant health risks under routine conditions, occasional high peaks and the lack of specific EMF regulations for vehicle interiors highlight areas needing further research and regulatory attention. Ongoing technological advances, particularly the integration of increased digital functionality, necessitate continuous monitoring and evaluation of EMF safety standards in vehicles to safeguard public health.