Comparison of ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) levels in outdoor areas and public transport in Switzerland in 2014 and 2021

Authors: Loizeau N, Zahner M, Schindler J, Stephan C, Fröhlich J, Gugler M, Ziegler T, Röösli M

Year: 2023

Category: Environmental Research

Journal: Environ Res

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116921

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935123017255?via%3Dihub

Abstract

Overview

The research focuses on analyzing the ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) levels in various microenvironments in Switzerland, specifically comparing data from the years 2014 and 2021. The evolutionary pace of mobile communication technology and its impact on RF-EMF levels forms the core of this study.

Methodology

Ambient RF-EMF levels were measured in 49 different outdoor areas and public transport settings using portable exposure meters. These areas included urban city centres, suburban, and rural locations. The study meticulously calculated and reported RF-EMF measurements initially captured in V/m, with subsequent conversions to facilitate detailed statistical analysis.

Findings

  • In 2021, mean RF-EMF levels ranged from 0.19 V/m in rural areas to 0.43 V/m in industrial areas, with public transport mean levels at 0.27 V/m in buses, 0.33 V/m in trains, and 0.36 V/m in trams.
  • Comparison of data from 2014 and 2021 shows no significant changes in the RF-EMF levels despite an 18-fold increase in mobile data traffic, likely attributable to advancements in mobile technology.

Conclusion

The consistent RF-EMF levels amidst rapid technological advances suggest an efficient adaptation of newer mobile communication technologies, mitigating potential increases in electromagnetic exposure.

RF-EMF public transport ambient levels Switzerland electromagnetic fields mobile communication environmental health
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