Abstract

Overview

This study conducted in Stockholm Old Town investigates the levels of radiofrequency (RF) radiation in areas frequented by the public. Exposure to RF radiation is classified by the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer as a possible human carcinogen (Group 2B).

Findings

• Outdoor RF radiation was measured during five tours in April 2016 using the EME Spy 200 exposimeter, capturing data over 20 frequencies.
• A total of 10,437 samples were collected, with a mean RF radiation level of 4,293 µW/m2.
• The highest RF levels were noted at GSM + UMTS 900 downlink and LTE 2600 downlink.
• Significant variance in exposure was observed across different locations; for instance, Järntorget square showed extremely high levels compared to locations like the Supreme Court.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that the RF radiation levels in some parts of Stockholm Old Town are significantly higher than those recommended by BioInitiative 2012, suggesting a potential health risk. These levels also critique the current guidelines by ICNIRP, which may not adequately account for non-thermal effects of RF radiation exposure.