Abstract

Overview

Invertebrates, particularly pollinators like honey bees, face negative impacts due to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (EMR). This study details common environmental sources of EMR and associated adverse effects on these organisms.

Findings

• Sources of EMR include cell phone and broadcast antennae, communication satellites, and power lines.
• Reports indicate significant biochemical changes and disorientation within invertebrate populations, particularly honey bees.
• Field studies demonstrate alterations in the abundance and composition of key pollinator groups, linked to emissions from telecommunications towers.

Conclusion

This research scrutinizes EMR's biological effects on invertebrates, referencing additional studies on other species to paint a broader picture of EMR's ecological impact. It highlights urgent knowledge gaps concerning the ecological repercussions of heightened electromagnetic pollution, notably from advancing technologies like 5G.