Abstract

Overview

The increasing deployment of wireless communications and technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) in building environments raises significant concerns due to associated increases in radiofrequency radiation (RFR). This paper reviews the implications of RFR within the realm of building science, emphasizing the necessity for smart and health-conscious building designs.

Highlights

• Wireless systems lead to increased RFR in buildings.
• Scientific evidence suggests adverse health effects from RFR even below current regulatory limits.
• Governments and health agencies worldwide are taking steps to reduce RFR exposures in response to these findings.
• Implementing low RFR strategies such as using wired technologies and corded phones is feasible for healthier "smart" buildings.

Findings

Exposure to commonly experienced levels of RFR has been linked to various biochemical and biological adverse effects, indicating that existing guidelines in countries like the U.S. and Canada are insufficient for protecting public health and the environment. Furthermore, there are significant legal and insurance challenges related to the liabilities of radiation from wireless technologies.

Conclusion

The urgent need for implementing no- or low-RFR emitting technologies in building designs is emphasized. This includes prioritizing wired Internet networks and corded communications systems over their wireless counterparts, aligning with the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle to minimize RFR exposures. Additionally, the environmental and security benefits of such practices are highlighted as they support more sustainable and safer building environments.