Exposure to static and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields and cellular free radicals
Abstract
Overview
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of static and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on cellular free radical activities. It emphasizes the modifications in reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and antioxidant mechanisms that maintain cellular balance.
Findings
- Static and ELF-EMF induce changes in free radical activities impacting numerous physiological functions, including DNA integrity, immune and inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, neural activities, and behavior.
- This paper discusses the potential of EMF in non-invasive cancer therapies through selective cancer cell targeting utilizing the hydroxyl free radical.
- Static and ELF-EMF play essential roles in the evolution and survival functions of living organisms, such as foraging and reproduction, by enabling immediate environmental detection and response via mechanisms like the "radical pair" hypothesis involving cryptochromes.
Conclusion
While the paper reveals the intricate influence of static and ELF-EMF on free radicals and outlines their potential benefits and harms, it highlights a crucial gap in understanding the mechanistic pathways and calls for focused research to elucidate these processes further.
Key points include:
- Change in cellular free radical activity is one of the most consistent effects of EMF exposure.
- Chronic exposure can result in oxidative stress and should be avoided.
- Research is needed to define field parameters for distinguishing beneficial from detrimental health effects.