Abstract

Overview

This review article comprehensively explores the genetic impacts of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMF), focusing especially on radiofrequency radiation (RFR) and static and extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF).

Findings

• The research primarily investigates genotoxic effects such as DNA damage and changes in chromatin conformation, alongside alterations in gene expression.
• Specific genes affected include those linked with cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, stress responses, and heat-shock proteins, affirming EMF's role in causing genetic damage.
• Observations of genetic effects are noted at EMF exposure levels comparable to public and occupational settings.
• The potential mechanisms of these effects remain largely unknown, but the involvement of free radicals is considered probable.
• EMF may act synergistically with various agents, suggesting uses in enhancing chemotherapy efficacy and reducing its side effects.
• Additional findings of adaptive effects and mitotic spindle aberrations further corroborate the genetic impact of EMF exposure.

Conclusion

The body of evidence strongly supports the linkage between exposure to non-ionizing EMFs and varied genetic disruptions in biological organisms, highlighting potential risks and therapeutic applications.