Systematic review of the physiological and health-related effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure from wireless communication devices on children and adolescents in experimental and epidemiological human studies
Abstract
Overview
The potential health risks of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF) exposure from mobile communication devices on children and adolescents have been a research focus for over two decades, considering these age groups as particularly sensitive. Despite extensive studies, the specific risks associated with such exposure remain undetermined.
Objectives
This systematic review aims to analyze and evaluate the physiological and health-related effects of RF EMF exposure from devices like mobile phones, cordless phones, and Bluetooth devices on children and adolescents.
Methods
The review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. The Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Risk-of-Bias Rating Tool was utilized to assess methodological limitations in the studies.
Findings
- A total of 42 epidemiological and 11 experimental studies were included.
- Most studies showed methodological weaknesses that limited their internal validity.
- The evidence concerning the effects of RF EMF on symptoms, cognition, and behavior in children was rated as low to inadequate.
- Studies on early childhood development, brain activity, cancer, and physiological parameters did not provide adequate evidence to draw definitive conclusions.
Conclusion
No conclusive evidence was found regarding the particular risk of RF EMF exposure from mobile communication devices to children and adolescents. The rapid advancement in technology necessitates high-quality systematic research focusing on these sensitive age groups. There remains an urgent need for well-conducted studies to clarify potential health risks.
Recommendations
Future research should include cohort studies with better exposure assessments and experimental studies that cover a broader demographic.