How Much Exposure from 5G Towers is Radiated over Children, Teenagers, Schools and Hospitals?

Abstract

Overview

The implementation of 5G antennas across various regions marks a significant progressive step in enhancing 5G connectivity. Despite this advancement, the assessment of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on children and sensitive locations such as schools and medical centers has been minimal.

Findings

• A thorough methodology was developed to numerically evaluate the downlink exposure from 5G and pre-5G towers over children, teenagers, and institutions like schools and healthcare facilities.
• This methodology was applied to two distinct real-world scenarios, indicating variations in exposure due to factors such as urbanization levels and tower placements.
• Although initial findings suggest that 5G exposure levels are lower than those from pre-5G systems, it is projected that 5G will soon become the predominant source of EMF exposure as it reaches maturity.
• Important determinants of exposure levels include the maximum power output of antennas, the distribution of towers, and the positioning and construction of nearby buildings.
• The exposure levels for children, teenagers, and sensitive locations generally remain within international safety limits but are influenced by building materials which can attenuate the signals—especially at mid-band and mm-Wave frequencies.

Conclusion

Further research is needed to comprehensively assess the impact of 5G EMF exposure on public health, particularly in densely populated urban settings and sensitive environments. Massive measurement campaigns and investigations into both uplink and downlink exposures are recommended.