Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Exposure Assessment in Schools: A Statistical Analysis of Urban and Semi-Urban Areas

Authors: Y Kiouvrekis, A Alexias, V Softa, M Alkhorayef, A Sulieman, C Tyrakis, C Kappas

Year: 2021 May 28

Category: Radiation Protection Dosimetry

Journal: Radiat Prot Dosimetry

DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncab076

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34047347

Abstract

Overview

The aim of this research was to determine the average extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic exposure in various school settings across Greece. This study is crucial as it informs us about potential health risks associated with ELF exposure even though the findings show levels below current guidelines.

Methodology

Detailed ELF measurements were taken and analyzed through the Weighted Peak Method (WPM), catering to frequencies from 1 Hz to 400 kHz.
A total of 243 schools were examined to establish mean values of ELF magnetic fields (MFs).

Findings

Results indicated that both mean and maximum values of ELF MFs were significantly below the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards, with a determined mean of 0.21 μΤ for MFs from all sources within the schools. Notably, the study found no health-threatening levels, emphasizing safety in these educational environments.

Statistical Analysis

Differences were observed between urban and semi-urban areas, with ELF MFs varying slightly. Urban areas showed slightly higher ELF MFs, but still within safe limits as per ICNIRP standards.

Conclusion

Despite ELF MF variations between different types of settings, the levels are considerably lower than hazardous thresholds, presenting no immediate threat according to current standards. The comprehensive assessment reinforces the safety of school environments regarding ELF electromagnetic exposure, aligning with the ICNIRP's allowable exposure limits.

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EMF ELF exposure schools urban semi-urban statistical analysis radiation safety

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