Abstract

Overview

This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to comprehensively assess the impact of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on the risk of miscarriage in pregnant women.

Methodology

A search was conducted for studies published up until August 2021 across several leading medical databases. The studies pertaining to electromagnetic fields from various sources, including mobile phones and base stations, were examined.

Findings

• The systematic review amassed 982 studies initially, with 6 meeting the rigorous criteria for the meta-analysis, encompassing 3,187 participants.
• With statistical significance, the analysis revealed that exposure to EMF increases the miscarriage rate by approximately 70% (RR = 1.699).
• Both case-control and cohort studies showed that EMF exposure, especially during early pregnancy, heightened miscarriage risks.
• Discrepancies were observed across studies concerning the duration and intensity of EMF exposure needed to significantly impact pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion

The evidence underscores a notable link between EMF exposure and increased miscarriage risk among pregnant women, particularly in early stages of pregnancy. This robust association demands urgent attention to EMF exposure guidelines and protective measures for expectant mothers.