Mobile phone electromagnetic radiation and the risk of headache: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Sajjad Farashi, Saeid Bashirian, Salman Khazaei, Mojtaba Khazaei, Abdollah Farhadinasab

Year: 2022 Jan 22

Category: Epidemiology

Journal: Int Arch Occup Environ Health

Institution: Int Arch Occup Environ Health

DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01835-x

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35064837/

Abstract

Overview

The study systematically reviews and meta-analyzes the impact of mobile phone electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on headache incidence, addressing conflicting results from past research.

Methods

  • Database Searched: Major scientific databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
  • Selection Criteria: Studies were chosen based on PRISMA guidelines, focusing on the effects of mobile phone usage on headaches.
  • Data Extraction: 33 studies were initially screened, with 30 finally included in the meta-analysis.

Findings

  • The aggregate odds ratio (OR) for the incidence of headaches due to mobile phone use was 1.30 (95% CI 1.21-1.39).
  • Significant heterogeneity was found among studies, with subgroup analyses suggesting age and EMF exposure duration as key factors.
  • Odds Ratios by Age: OR = 1.33 for adults (>18 years) and 1.29 for minors (≤18 years).
  • Odds Ratios by Exposure: OR = 1.41 for exposure >100 minutes/week and 1.23 for ≤100 minutes/week.

Conclusion

The study highlights a concerning association between mobile phone usage and increased headache risk, particularly with longer call durations and among older individuals. Additionally, various types of headaches, potentially with differing underlying brain mechanisms, may be influenced diversely by EMF exposure.

systematic review meta-analysis EMF mobile phones headache risk health effects
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