Abstract

Overview

The increasing use of smartphones and other devices has amplified concerns over radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). This study systematically reviews personal exposure measurements to these fields.

Methodology

• Follows PRISMA guidelines.
• Uses the PECO methodology and CASPe for appraisal.
• Covers publications from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2021.

Key Findings

Analysis of 56 studies using personal exposimeters shows varying RF-EMF exposure levels across locations and times. Notably:

• Lowest Exposure: Measured in Egypt, 0.00100 μW/m2 in 2007.
• Highest Exposure: Measured in Belgium, 285,000 μW/m2 in 2019.

Conclusion

The study confirms RF-EMF exposure levels generally remain well below internationally accepted guidelines. However, ongoing monitoring is essential due to the potential health implications inherent with these exposure levels. Regular updates on safety standards and measurement methods are imperative.