Panax ginseng Ameliorates Pituitary-ovarian Dysfunction Induced by Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation from Cell Phones via Upregulation of the CREM Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Overview

Panax ginseng (PG), noted for its ginsenoside content and adaptogenic cellular protection properties, was studied for its effect on pituitary-ovarian dysfunction and possible infertility resulting from exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) emitted by mobile phones.

Methods

• Twenty adult female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=5 per group): control, PG only, RF-EMR exposure, and RF-EMR + PG.
• Control received distilled water; PG group received 200 mg/kg of Panax ginseng extract orally.
• RF-EMR group was exposed to 900 MHz radiation daily for 56 days.
• Combination group received both the radiation and PG.

Findings

• Rats exposed to RF-EMR showed significant decreases in serum LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone.
• There were marked reductions in antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx).
• The CREM gene expression dropped, and both pituitary and ovarian morphology were disrupted in the RF-EMR group.
• P. ginseng administration mitigated these negative changes in all parameters studied.

Conclusion

P. ginseng extract provides protection against pituitary-ovarian dysfunction linked to RF-EMR from mobile phones, primarily by boosting antioxidant capacity and upregulating the CREM-dependent signaling pathway. The study reinforces a clear connection between electromagnetic field exposure and endocrine disruption, as well as oxidative stress, while highlighting potential interventions.