Can explicit suggestions about the harmfulness of EMF exposure exacerbate a nocebo response in healthy controls?

Authors: Adam Verrender A, Loughran SP, Dalecki A, Freudenstein F, Croft RJ

Year: October 2018

Category: Environmental Research

Journal: Environmental Research

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118303347

Abstract

Overview

This study explores whether the suggestion of harmfulness linked to electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure can trigger a nocebo response, even in healthy individuals. It deliberates on the psychological implications of exposure beliefs intensified by media portrayal.

Methodology

Participants were divided to watch either an 'alarmist' video or a control video prior to undergoing sham and actual EMF exposure trials. The trials included both open-label and double-blind setups, with randomization to evaluate symptoms scientifically.

Findings

  • No significant difference in symptoms between RF-ON and RF-OFF trials under double-blind conditions.
  • Symptoms increased significantly when participants believed they were exposed to EMF, especially after viewing alarmist media content.
  • State anxiety and risk perception were heightened significantly in those who viewed the alarmist video.

Conclusion

The results underscore the power of belief and awareness in symptom manifestation during perceived EMF exposure. Healthy participants exhibited a nocebo response largely influenced by how EMF dangers are presented in media.

EMF nocebo response radiofrequency exposure media influence symptom presentation risk perception awareness
← Back to Stats