Static magnetic fields from earphones: Detailed measurements plus some open questions

Authors: L. Makinistian, L. Zastko, A. Tvarožná, L.E. Días, I. Belyaev

Year: 2022

Category: Environmental Research

Journal: Environmental Research

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113907

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935122012348

Abstract

Overview

Earphones (EP) are a widespread tool often considered safe if sound exposure recommendations are followed. However, they also generate static magnetic fields (SMF) due to built-in permanent magnets.

Experimental Findings

Performed 2D maps to measure SMFs at various distances from six in-ear earphone models.
Observed exposure levels range from approximately 20 mT at the surface to tens of μT closer to the inner ear.
3D simulations provide visualizations of field distribution in the ear.

Health Implications

The intensity ranges of SMFs studied have been previously reported to have biological effects, both acute and chronic. No definitive consensus exists on the mechanisms by which these SMFs interact with living tissues, underlining the importance of further research.

Conclusion

Diverse open questions about the bioeffects of SMFs remain unanswered. Given the uncertainties, the more conservative option of using air-tube earphones is suggested to potentially minimize health risks.

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