Bluetooth versus non-Bluetooth earphones and their potential harmful effect on hearing: a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate medical students, Saudi Arabia

Authors: Zeinab A. Abd-El.haleem, Madania M N. Idrees, Waqas Sami, Shamshad B.A. Loni, Hemmat H.G.Hareedy

Year: 2022

Category: Epidemiology

Journal: International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education (INT-JECSE)

Institution: Majmaah University

URL: https://www.int-jecse.net/data-cms/articles/20220524061918pm380.pdf

Abstract

Overview

The increasing use of Bluetooth and non-Bluetooth earphones has been linked to higher risks of hearing loss. This study focuses on how these devices affect hearing function.

Methods

A cross-sectional study involving 42 female medical students at Majmaah University.
Included methods: questionnaire assessment of earphone usage habits and pure-tone audiometry.
Statistical analysis with ANOVA and Chi-square tests.

Findings

85.7% of participants had hearing thresholds ≥20 dB HL.
Left ears more frequently affected with thresholds >40dB HL.
Significant differences in hearing loss observed at lower frequencies between combined earphone users and those using only Bluetooth.
No significant differences found at higher frequencies or between other groups.
Persistent use linked to poorer hearing thresholds.

Conclusion

Earphone usage leads to degraded hearing thresholds, highlighting the need for educational programs to promote safer listening habits among young adults. Furthermore, using both Bluetooth and non-Bluetooth earphones did not show additional detrimental effects over using one type alone.

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