The determinants of legislation for radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) with the onset of 5G: An empirical analysis

Abstract

Overview

The article explores the urgent public concern regarding the potential adverse health effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure due to the surge in mobile communication technologies.

Findings

• This study is the first empirical analysis assessing the factors influencing RF-EMF exposure legislation, using a comprehensive cross-sectional database covering 164 countries worldwide.
• Results indicate that decentralized governments and competitive mobile markets in nations with less extensive mobile network infrastructures tend to enforce stricter RF-EMF exposure limits.
• In contrast, decentralized nations with advanced mobile networks and widespread 5G technology adoption are likely to impose more relaxed RF-EMF regulations.
• The study highlights significant implications for policymakers and mobile operators planning for future technological upgrades, like 6G, in higher frequency bands that have not been thoroughly examined for human health impact.

Conclusion

The research provides valuable insights for forecasting legislative moves in regions still integrating 5G, as well as for preparing strategic responses to the future shifts towards higher frequency mobile technologies.