Effects of 50 Hz electromagnetic field on rat working memory and investigation of neural mechanisms

Abstract

Overview

With the increasing prevalence of electrical appliances, the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on cognitive functions such as working memory (WM) are becoming a crucial area of scientific inquiry. This study examines the relationship between long-term exposure to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field and its potential impacts on WM and underlying neural mechanisms in rats.

Methodology

• Three groups of 15 rats each were exposed to EMFs at 2 mT for varying durations: 0 days (control), 24 days, and 48 days.
• WM was evaluated using the T-maze task.
• Neurological assessments included recording local field potential (LFP) in the medial prefrontal cortex.

Findings

• Significant reductions in the power spectral density of theta and gamma oscillations in the exposure groups.
• A marked decrease in phase-amplitude coupling intensity of theta-gamma oscillations in groups exposed for 24 and 48 days.
• Increased time to meet task criteria in exposed groups compared to control.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that prolonged exposure to 50 Hz EMF can impair working memory in rats. This impairment may be correlated with decreased neural communication between theta and high-frequency gamma oscillations. The study underscores the need for further investigation into the biological effects of EMFs and their mechanisms.