Quantitative Assessment of Thermal Effects on the Auricle Region Caused by Mobile Phones Operating in Different Modes

Authors: Rok T, Kacprzyk A, Rokita E, Kantor D, and Taton G

Year: 2024

Category: Biophysics

Journal: AIMS Biophysics

DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2024023

URL: http://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/biophy.2024023

Abstract

Overview

This study investigates the thermal effects caused by mobile phones on the human auricle (ear) using controlled exposure in different operational modes. A group of 40 men participated in the experiment, during which temperature changes were measured via infrared thermography before and after a standardized 15-minute phone call. The phone was placed lightly against the skin surface in the auricle region for each participant.

Methods

  • Modes tested: OFF, ON, and FLIGHT
  • Thermograms: Taken immediately before and after exposure
  • Other measures: Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) were recorded to assess electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure

Findings

  • Significant differences were identified in the rise of auricle temperature between OFF (average increase = 1.1°C ± 0.2°C) and ON mode (average increase = 1.9°C ± 0.3°C, p = 0.03).
  • No statistically significant difference was found between FLIGHT mode (average increase = 1.4°C ± 0.2°C) and ON mode (p = 0.20).
  • Thermographic measurements and heat transfer modeling showed that the human ear served as the main heat source, and the rise in skin temperature was largely accounted for by restricted heat dissipation from the phone pressing against the skin.
  • EMF exposure during ON mode was characterized by SAR = 0.75 W/kg (Huawei P20 Lite) and RSSI values between -90 and -80 dBm.
  • Far-field RF-EMF exposure showed power density calculated as 45 μW using a personal exposure meter and spectral analysis from 87.5 MHz up to 5.875 GHz.

Conclusion

Results indicate that placing a mobile phone against the ear in ON mode leads to a greater increase in auricle region temperature compared to OFF mode, emphasizing the dual contribution of physical heat conduction and RF-EMF absorption in thermal effects on human tissue. These findings highlight the importance of further research and awareness regarding EMF safety and the potential health risks associated with prolonged close contact with active mobile phones.

mobile phones thermal effects auricle region RF-EMF SAR infrared thermography electromagnetic safety
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