Safety assessment of wireless chargers for electric vehicles considering thermal characteristics

Abstract

Overview

This study utilizes advanced simulation techniques to evaluate the safety of wireless chargers for electric vehicles with emphasis on thermal effects and electromagnetic exposure.

Findings

• The transient finite element method and electromagnetic heat transfer theory were employed to assess the heat generated by high-power wireless chargers.
• Analysis included temperature distribution of shielding plates and specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature increase in human heads in proximity to the device.
• Results demonstrated maximum temperature rise was notably lower in copper shielding plates compared to aluminum after one hour of charging.
• Important findings for human safety show that both the electric field strength and SAR values in children's head tissue were higher than in adults but still within safe International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards.

Conclusion

The copper shielding plate not only provides effective electromagnetic shielding but also enhances heat dissipation. Importantly, the study confirms that the electromagnetic exposure and temperature rise in the human head are maintained within the safe thermal limits set by ICNIRP, emphasizing the safety of these wireless chargers in close human proximity.