The influence of Wi-Fi on the mesonephros in the 9-day-old chicken embryo

Authors: Almoiová V, Andraščková S, Karaffová V, Hudáková P, Molnár J, Tóth Á, Holovská K

Year: 2025 Jun 10

Category: Developmental Biology, Electromagnetic Field Safety

Journal: Vet Res Commun

DOI: 10.1007/s11259-025-10777-x

URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11259-025-10777-x

Abstract

Overview

Recent increases in the use of wireless devices, particularly in developed countries, have resulted in continuous exposure of all living systems to artificial electromagnetic non-ionizing radiation (NIR). While these devices offer numerous benefits, their excessive use leads to the production of 'electrosmog'—a physical environmental pollutant that can be particularly hazardous during organismal development.

Study Aim

The study aimed to investigate the effects of Wi-Fi radiation on the development of the mesonephros in chicken embryos at day 9 of incubation.

Findings

  • Exposure involved continual 9-day application of 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation with a power density of 200-500 μW/m2.
  • No adverse effects were observed on the general development of the mesonephros.
  • Moderate, diffuse degenerative changes were present in the developing mesonephric corpuscles and tubules.
  • Congested blood vessels were detected in the surrounding interstitium, but no inflammatory infiltrate was noted.
  • A significantly increased number of apoptotic and proliferating cells were observed in the Wi-Fi group.
  • There was a significant up-regulation of caspase-1 gene expression, indicating interference with regulatory mechanisms in tissue and organ development.

Conclusion

The results demonstrate that non-ionizing radiation from Wi-Fi at the tested frequency and power density can disrupt key regulatory processes in normal tissue and organ development. This suggests a clear link between electromagnetic field exposure and developmental health risks, emphasizing the need for caution regarding EMF exposure during critical developmental windows.

Wi-Fi electromagnetic fields non-ionizing radiation chicken embryo mesonephros apoptosis developmental toxicity
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