Numerical Analysis of Human Head Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation Due to 5G Mobile Phones

Authors: Chietera FP, Usmani WU, Caggiano D, Lamacchia C, Chimenti G, Mescia L

Year: 2025

Category: Electromagnetic Field Safety, Bioelectromagnetics

Journal: 2025 10th International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies (SpliTech)

DOI: 10.23919/SpliTech65624.2025.11091791

URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11091791&isnumber=11091382

Abstract

Overview

This paper investigates human exposure to electromagnetic fields from 5G mobile phones operating in the 26 GHz frequency band, recently designated for 5G mm-wave communications.

Methodology

  • Numerical simulations were conducted to assess near-field exposure generated by a realistic mobile phone model.
  • Thermal effects on a detailed head model were analyzed, providing insights into the potential impact of this emerging technology on human health.

Findings

  • A preliminary analysis using a realistic head model with medium-resolution voxels indicates that 5G mm-wave communication in the 26 GHz band causes moderate, localized thermal increases in superficial tissues.

Conclusion

  • Further investigations are necessary to better characterize the impact of prolonged exposure and higher spatial detail.
  • Future studies should utilize higher-resolution voxel models, more refined tissue segmentation, and consider extended exposure durations for increased accuracy.
  • Variable phone placements should also be explored, as they may produce higher incidence angles and greater peak irradiation levels in biological tissues.

⚠️ It is important to continue studying the potential health risks associated with electromagnetic fields from 5G technology, as localized heating and increased tissue exposure may be concerning for public health.

5G electromagnetic fields human exposure mobile phones mm-wave thermal effects health risk
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