Abstract

Overview

The fifth generation (5G) of mobile communication technology introduces significant improvements and raises questions particularly about the safety of human exposure.

Findings

• The study focuses on two main aspects of 5G emissions:
  1. Spatial Variability: Examined through models of patch antenna arrays operating at 3.7 GHz with different beam forming and steering capabilities. This involved an analysis of the specific absorption rate of electromagnetic energy in head tissue models, highlighting the effects of antenna geometry and feeding peculiarities.
  2. Temporal Variability: Investigated through the original approach of tracking nonlinear recurrence behaviors of exposure with a real-life mobile phone using different 5G applications. Time series of electric-field strengths were recorded, revealing patterns like laminar and chaotic emissions.
• The study used a real-time spectrum analyzer and positioned near-field probes differently in the beam to gather detailed data.
• The presence of deterministic and recurrent exposures underlines the potential of recurrence quantification analysis in predicting temporal features of 5G exposure.

Conclusion

The impact of 5G signals on living bodies, characterized by unprecedented man-made spatial and temporal variability, can lead to very unpredictable biomedical consequences.