Abstract

Overview

This research project focuses on the detailed metrological recording and analysis of immission (environmental impact of electromagnetic fields) from 5G base stations featuring beamforming antennas in the 3.6 GHz frequency band.

Methodology

• Proposed measurement methods are designed to capture typical and peak immissions by considering the variable radiation patterns of the antennas.
• Maximum immission levels can be measured directly using a 5G device to provoke high emission levels, or they can be estimated through extrapolation methods.

Key Findings

• Immission measurements were conducted at 100 systematically selected points near 10 beamforming base stations.
• Recorded immissions ranged from low (0.15 V/m) to significant peaks (17.6 V/m), with effects varying based on environmental factors like vegetation and antenna angles.
• Rare use scenarios, such as downloading large files, showed that immission levels can spike significantly above normal conditions, though such events are not frequent.

Conclusion

The dependency of immission levels on various factors like antenna angle and environmental obstructions has been comprehensively analyzed. While typical emissions remain low, certain conditions can cause significant immission spikes, which underscores the importance of continuous monitoring and regulation of 5G base station emissions to ensure public health safety.