Abstract

Overview

This study investigates the association between the exposure to common electrical appliances during early pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) among infants. Conducted across six hospitals in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, Northwest China from 2014 to 2016, this case-control study involved 2339 participants.

Findings

• All CHD diagnoses were classified according to the ICD-10 standard.
• Control group included newborns without any birth defects, matched by birth date (1:3 ratio).
• Data was collected from personal interviews focusing on exposure to electrical appliances during pregnancy.
• Multivariate logistic regression showed notable results:
• Exposure to computers: OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.03–1.71
• Induction cookers: OR: 2.79, 95% CI: 2.19–3.55
• Microwave ovens: OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.01–2.31
• Use of radiation protection suits was associated with a decreased risk of CHD: OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.87
• Interaction analysis revealed additional insights regarding the use of induction cookers and radiation protection suits.

Conclusion

This research substantiates a strong link between the usage of certain electrical appliances during early pregnancy and an increased risk of CHD in newborns. It also highlights the protective effect of wearing radiation protection suits. Pregnant women are advised to minimize the use of such appliances to mitigate risks to their unborn children.