Protective role of hispolon and its derivatives against apoptosis in cortical neurons induced by electromagnetic radiation from 4G mobile phone

Abstract

Overview

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from wireless devices, notably mobile phones, continues to be a significant public health concern.

Findings

This research focused on examining the effects of EMR on primary cortical neurons (PCNs) derived from neonatal rat cerebral cortex. A specific attention was given to the impacts of hispolon (HIS) and its derivatives in relation to cranial exposure during mobile phone use. The PCNs, isolated and cultured from day-old neonatal rats, were exposed to EMR from a mobile phone operating at a frequency of 2100 MHz and a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 1.6 W/Kg, in a call-answered mode, subsequently treated with HIS and its derivatives.

The study methodically assessed the induction of apoptosis through the modulation of pro and anti-apoptotic genes governed by the mitochondrial pathway and the protective role of the test compounds. It was found that pyrazole derivatives not only decreased apoptosis but also mitigated oxidative stress by modulating the levels of pro and anti-apoptotic genes and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) related to mitochondrial damage observed in the EMR exposed PCNs.

Conclusion

The antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties of the pyrazole compounds suggest a promising path in neuroprotective therapy development. These findings encourage further investigation into the neuroprotective mechanisms of the pyrazole derivatives, positioning them as potential lead compounds in developing neuroprotective formulations.