Trigger of a migraine headache among Thai adolescents smartphone users: a time series study

Abstract

Overview

This study explores the effects of electromagnetic radiation from smartphones on migraine occurrence in high school students from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, using a time series analysis methodology.

Methodology

A total of 145 high school students participated, keeping a detailed headache diary which accounted for 12,969 data entries. Various factors such as smartphone usage, sleep quality, anxiety, and depression levels were assessed, alongside the recording of smartphone output power through a dedicated application.

Findings

• The prevalence of recurring headaches was found to be 13.4%, with migraines at 16.9%.
• Significant triggers identified include the use of hands-free devices and internet usage.
• The greatest risk for inducing migraines was observed with smartphone output powers at ≤1.79×10-5 to 1.99×10-5 mW.
• An inverse dose-response relationship was noted with delayed effects of smartphone output power exposure.

Conclusion

Smartphone electromagnetic radiation, or SOP, has a non-linear correlation with migraine occurrence in a manner characterized as a window effect. Delayed migraine response to SOP suggests a reversible effect after reducing exposure. Recommendations to mitigate risk include using hands-free devices and limiting the time spent on smartphones.