RF-EMF Exposure Measurement for 5G over mm-Wave Base Station with MIMO Antenna

Abstract

Overview

The advent of fifth-generation (5G) technology introduces greater capacity and data rates, featuring ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability that enhances service efficiency across various industries. However, the utilisation of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (RF-EMF) above 6 GHz in millimeter Wave (mm-Wave) base stations raises potential health risk concerns associated with EMF exposure.

Findings

• This study evaluated the maximum exposure emitted by a 5G mm-Wave base station, applying international standards for assessment methodology and exposure limits.
• Measurements employ the R&S®TSMA6 scanner, R&S®ROMES4 software, and R&S®TSME30DC down converter, alongside user equipment, GPS, and an omnidirectional antenna.
• The investigation highlights that the maximum and average exposures at 29.5 GHz are 5.71 V/m and 2.02 V/m, respectively, which are within the ICNIRP standards, indicating lower than expected health hazards at monitored levels.

Conclusion

Despite alignment with ICNIRP standards suggesting manageable risk levels, the detected presence of RF-EMF emissions necessitates ongoing surveillance and analysis, particularly with increasing global saturation of mm-Wave base stations in populated areas.