Abstract

Overview

The concern about the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on both male fertility and offspring health is increasing.

Findings

• Long-term exposure to RF-EMR (2.0 GHz; power density, 2.5 W/m²; whole-body specific absorption rate, 0.125–0.5 W/kg) was used in this study.
• Exposure analysis did not show significant impairments in sperm quality, testis organization, or pregnancy rates.
• However, a significant increase in apoptosis rate in testis germ cells was observed.
• In offspring, sex-specific effects were noted where male F1 mice exhibited distinct body weight trajectories and changes in glucose metabolism compared to females.
• The alteration in glucose metabolism observed in male F1 mice may be linked to changes in gene expression of liver Gck.

Conclusion

The study suggests that while there are no severe impairments in fertility metrics, paternal exposure to RF-EMR can lead to significant metabolic alterations in male offspring, indicating potential health risks that need closer examination.