Correlation of Blood Oxidative Stress Parameters to Indoor Radiofrequency Radiation: A Cross Sectional Study in Jordan

Abstract

Overview

Background: Electromagnetic pollution is a significant health concern globally. The omnipresence of cell phone towers near schools and hospitals raises concerns, though health risks associated with these emissions remain inconclusive.

This cross-sectional study investigates the impact of electromagnetic radiation from various sources, including cell phone towers, on blood oxidative stress markers—particularly glutathione S transferase activity (e-GST) and total antioxidant activity—in the Jordanian population.

Methodology

Researchers mapped the power density in three districts of Irbid, Jordan, creating separate maps for indoor and outdoor electromagnetic radiation (EMR) levels. The study analyzed the influence of both categorical variables (like gender and cell phone use) and continuous variables (such as distance from base stations and house elevation) on e-GST and total antioxidant activity.

Findings

• EMR from external sources, including cell phone towers, was significantly obstructed by building materials and did not affect indoor oxidative stress levels.
• Internal sources of EMR within homes significantly increased e-GST activity.
• Usage of cell phones and presence of Wi-Fi modems were correlated with higher e-GST activity.
• Total antioxidant activity was comparable between the groups studied, indicating a balance maintained by other antioxidant mechanisms.

Conclusion

The study concludes that while external EMR has limited influence due to structural shielding, internal sources are a significant concern for oxidative stress. It highlights the need for further research to explore additional antioxidant sources and to assess the long-term health impacts and potential genetic variations.

Note: Continued research is strongly encouraged to fully understand and mitigate the health risks associated with indoor electromagnetic radiation.