The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes-A Review

Abstract

Overview

The proliferation of anthropogenic magnetic and electromagnetic fields is notable, particularly from underwater facilities, industrial equipment, and devices transferring energy in aquatic environments.

Findings

• Impact of magnetic fields reaches various fish life processes, critically affecting early developmental stages.
• Effects vary noticeably by species, dependent on field strength and exposure duration.
• Positive impacts observed include enhanced sperm activation capabilities.
• Negative outcomes involve disturbances in heart rate and developmental issues in inner ear organs.

Conclusion

This comprehensive review indicates significant species-specific effects of magnetic fields on fish embryogenesis, emphasizing the need for careful assessment of the proliferation of such fields in aquatic ecosystems.