The effect of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the human resting state wake EEG and event- related potential: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Prins AC, Baas K, van der Meer JN, Jacobs M, Nederveen AJ

Year: 2024 Nov 22

Category: Neuroscience, Bioelectromagnetics

Journal: Bioelectromagnetics

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22531

URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bem.22531

Abstract

Overview

📱 The rapid growth of mobile phone usage and its use of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) have raised concerns about potential health risks. Researchers have conducted numerous studies to examine how RF-EMF exposure affects the brain, particularly using electroencephalography (EEG).

Methodology

  • A systematic quality assessment and meta-analysis of published research was conducted, focusing on the impact of mobile phone RF-EMF on human resting state wake EEG and event-related potentials (ERP).
  • 244 records were identified through electronic searches, with 51 studies meeting inclusion criteria after evaluating study design and data/report availability.
  • Among these, 31 (61%) investigated resting state wake EEG, while 20 (39%) focused on ERP.
  • None of the studies were completely free from risk of bias, highlighting methodological concerns across the field.
  • Seven studies were included in three meta-analysis groups for resting state wake EEG; five studies for ERP, resulting in 10 analysis groups. The number of studies per group ranged from 1 to 5.

Findings

  • 🔬 Evidence was found of an effect on EEG using a 2G mobile phone protocol during eyes-open resting state conditions.
  • ❌ No significant evidence for EEG effects during task performance, suggesting that EMF impact may be less pronounced during cognitive activity compared to resting state.
  • ⚠️ Substantial heterogeneity in existing studies means that the field currently cannot establish a strong evidence base for most comparisons.

Conclusion

🔎 This systematic review is the first quality assessment in this domain and stresses the need for methodological rigor. The authors recommend all future research should be double-blind, use randomized experimental designs, and publish protocols in advance.

đź’ˇ It is important to note that effects of electromagnetic fields on brain function were observed, supporting concerns of a potential health risk connection between mobile phone use and measurable neurophysiological changes in humans.

electromagnetic fields mobile phones EEG event-related potentials systematic review health risk radiofrequency radiation
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