Effect of Radiation Emitted by Wireless Devices on Male Reproductive Hormones: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Overview

Exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from various wireless devices has dramatically increased due to technological advancements. This radiation primarily impacts the male reproductive system, particularly the testes, which are highly susceptible to oxidative stress and thermal effects.

Findings

• The testicular tissues, owing to rapid cell division and high mitochondrial oxygen consumption, are vulnerable to DNA fragmentation in sperm and an increase in oxidative phosphorylation by-products.
• RF-EMR from mobile phones and Wi-Fi devices has been shown to reduce testosterone levels. The effects on other gonadotrophic hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, however, remain inconclusive.
• Factors such as the duration of mobile phone use significantly contribute to the biological effects of RF-EMR.

Conclusion

Existing studies present mixed results and vary greatly in design, yet most suggest that long-term exposure to RF-EMR can disrupt male reproductive hormones, especially testosterone. Recommendations include limiting the use of wireless devices to reduce exposure and mitigate potential health risks.