The Systems of Radiological Protection for Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation

Authors: Dumit S, Clement C, O'Hagan J, Croft R, R�hm W, Magn�sson SM, van Deventer E, Higley KA

Year: 2026 Feb 1

Category: Radiological Protection, Public Health Policy

Journal: Health Physics

DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000002109

URL: https://journals.lww.com/health-physics/fulltext/2026/02000/the_systems_of_radiological_protection_for.2.aspx

Abstract

Overview

This paper summarizes the presentations and panel discussion held at Plenary Session 1 of the 16th IRPA International Congress/69th Health Physics Society Annual Meeting in Orlando, FL, in July 2024. The session focused on the fundamentals of radiological protection (RP) systems for both ionizing radiation (IR) and non-ionizing radiation (NIR), featuring presentations from experts representing several leading international organizations.

Findings

ICNIRP: Rodney Croft introduced the system of RP for NIR, detailing ICNIRP’s current work and areas of coverage.
ICRP: Werner R�hm outlined the key principles of IR protection—justification, optimization, and dose limitation—along with ICRP’s ongoing efforts to revise and update the RP system.
IRPA: Sigur�ur Magn�s Magn�sson provided the perspective of RP professionals on system development for IR and NIR.
WHO: Emilie van Deventer described WHO’s contributions and current activities regarding both IR and NIR.
NCRP: Kathryn Higley outlined NCRP’s history, its distinction from ICRP, and the council’s critical role in investigating NIR’s interaction with biological systems, including human health impacts.

The session concluded with a robust Q&A, addressing multidisciplinary perspectives on RP systems.

Outcome and Emerging Issues

Improved understanding of RP systems for IR and NIR.
A clear outline of the current international and organizational landscape.
No international framework exists for NIR radiation protection comparable to that for IR, despite the increasing proliferation of NIR technologies.
The rapid deployment of new NIR technologies presents diverse exposure scenarios, complicating consistent global or even national regulation, and raising unresolved concerns about chronic and acute exposure—especially as mechanisms of NIR-human interaction are actively analyzed.
While the system for IR is mature and under ongoing revision, the system for NIR requires further development and strengthening, including expanded consideration of potential health risks.

Conclusion

There is an urgent need for the international community to develop a more cohesive and protective framework for NIR radiation, considering the links between electromagnetic field exposure and health risks, and addressing evolving technological and regulatory landscapes. Stakeholders are encouraged to prioritize addressing these emerging issues for both public and occupational safety.

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