Effect of elevation on cumulative radiofrequency exposure from multiple communication towers

Abstract

Overview

University campuses, especially those in densely populated areas, require robust internet and communication connectivity to support academic activities. In Ghana, this has led to the proliferation of communication antennas on university grounds. This study examines how radiofrequency (RF) power density changes with elevation, specifically across different floors of high-rise university buildings.

Methodology

• Measurements were conducted using a spectrum analyser paired with a log-periodic antenna.
• RF power density was recorded at various floor elevations within a public university building.

Findings

• RF power density decreased from the ground floor up to the third floor.
• On the fourth (top) floor, RF power density reached its maximum.
• The observed variation underscores the significant influence of building elevation on EMF exposure levels.
• The 900 MHz frequency band produced the highest measured power density (1.16E-03 W/m2), highlighting its prevalent use for campus communication applications.

Conclusion

These findings emphasize a direct connection between elevation within high-rise buildings and cumulative exposure to EMF from surrounding communication towers. Notably, heightened RF power densities at higher elevations may increase EMF health risks for occupants on upper floors, particularly in environments with heavy reliance on 900 MHz communication bands.