Magnetic field interactions of smartwatches and portable electronic devices with CIEDs - Did we open a Pandora's box?

Abstract

Abstract Summary

Overview

The latest study focuses on the interactions between portable electronic devices (PEDs) such as smartwatches and cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). The concern centers around magnetic fields generated by these devices and their potential to disrupt CIED function.

Methods

• Examination involved high-resolution magnetic field characterization using a novel magnetic field camera.
• Five types of smartwatches including Apple Watch 6/7, Fitbit Sense, and Samsung Galaxy 3 were tested.
• Ex vivo measurements determined the minimal safety distances to prevent CIED mode switching.

Findings

Magnetic field strengths were measured with the maximal 1 mT distances varying between 10 mm to 19 mm across different brands, influencing CIED interaction thresholds. Interestingly, all significant magnetic field readings were from the back side of the devices.

A relationship between the magnetic field measurements and the minimum safety distance needed to avoid CIED interference was established via linear regression analysis, showing a direct correlation (B coefficient: 0.46; 95 %-CI: 0.25-0.67).

Conclusion

Comparatively, smartwatches pose a lower risk of interfering with CIEDs than other PEDs like electronic pens or in-ear headphones. Nevertheless, these findings emphasize the necessity of ongoing risk assessments as technology evolves, particularly concerning CIED patients' exposure to electromagnetic fields from everyday devices.