900 MHz Radiofrequency Field Induces Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response in Mouse Bone Marrow Stem Cells

Abstract

Overview

This study explores the effects of 900 MHz radiofrequency fields, commonly used in mobile communications, on mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) to determine if they induce a mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR^mt).

Methods

• BMSCs were subjected to 900 MHz RF at 120 μW/cm² for 4 hours per day over five days.
• Controls included cells in the RF exposure system without radiation and cells treated with X-ray as positive controls.
• Post-exposure evaluations included measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and assessing UPR^mt-related protein expressions.

Findings

• Increase in ROS levels observed shortly after RF exposure suggested initial stress, but this was transient as levels normalized after 24 hours.
• Expression of proteins associated with UPR^mt (HSP10/HSP60/ClpP) increased under RF exposure but normalized post 24 hours, indicating temporary mitochondrial response.

Conclusion

Exposure to 900 MHz RF induced a temporary mitochondrial unfolded protein response in BMSCs, which suggests potential health risks from continuous and prolonged exposure, requiring further research on long-term effects.