Progress in microwave absorbing materials: A critical review
Abstract
Overview
Microwave-absorbing materials play a significant role in various applications that involve the attenuation of electromagnetic radiation.
This critical review provides an overview of the progress made in the development and understanding of microwave-absorbing materials.
Mechanisms of Interaction
- Interaction between electromagnetic radiation and absorbing materials is explained with a focus on phenomena such as:
- Multiple reflections
- Scattering
- Polarizations
Loss Mechanisms
The types of losses affecting the performance of microwave absorbers are discussed, including:
- Dielectric loss
- Conduction loss
- Relaxation loss
- Magnetic loss
- Morphological loss
Each type of loss has distinct implications for the effectiveness of microwave absorbers.
Types of Microwave Absorbing Materials
A detailed review is presented on various types of microwave absorbing materials, including:
- Carbonaceous materials
- Conducting polymers
- Magnetic materials
- Metals and their composites
- 2D materials (MXenes and 2D-transition metal dichalcogenides)
- Biomass-derived materials
- Carbides, sulphides, phosphides
- High entropy (HE) materials
- Metamaterials
The characteristics, advantages, and limitations of each are examined in detail.
Conclusion
- This review highlights significant progress in the field of microwave-absorbing materials.
- It emphasizes optimizing loss mechanisms to enhance performance.
- Emerging materials, such as 2D materials and high entropy materials, offer potential for further advancement in microwave-absorbing properties.