Progress in microwave absorbing materials: A critical review

Abstract

Overview

Microwave-absorbing materials are crucial in applications that require the attenuation of electromagnetic radiation. This critical review delves into the advancements in the development and understanding of these materials.

Interaction and Phenomena

The review discusses the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and absorbing materials, focusing on phenomena such as multiple reflections, scattering, and polarizations.

Types of Losses

• Dielectric Loss
• Conduction Loss
• Relaxation Loss
• Magnetic Loss
• Morphological Loss

Each type of loss has distinct implications for the effectiveness of microwave absorbers.

Materials Reviewed

A variety of microwave absorbing materials are reviewed:

• Carbonaceous materials
• Conducting polymers
• Magnetic materials
• Metals and their composites
• 2D materials (MXenes, 2D-transition metal dichalcogenides)
• Biomass-derived materials
• Carbides, sulphides, phosphides
• High entropy (HE) materials and metamaterials

Conclusion

The review underscores the importance of optimizing various types of losses to enhance the performance of microwave absorbers and acknowledges the potential of emerging materials such as 2D materials and high entropy materials in further advancing microwave-absorbing properties.