Abstract

Overview of Wireless Wearables and Implants

Wireless wearable and implantable devices are continuing to grow in popularity, highlighting the need for careful consideration of safety aspects. These devices involve the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves close to or within the human body.

Key Findings

• The specific absorption rate (SAR) is the primary measure used to quantify exposure levels.
• Various national and international regulations exist to limit exposure and ensure safe device operation.
• The review focuses on antenna designs that influence SAR and field and thermal distributions in tissues.
• Recent designs aim to reduce SAR through improved antenna designs and the use of novel materials.

Conclusion

This comprehensive review identifies the challenges and latest advancements in the design of wearable and implantable devices to ensure safety. The proximity of these devices to body tissues raises significant concerns about radiation efficiency and thermal effects, specifically highlighting the potential health risks associated with high SAR levels.

The paper emphasizes the crucial role of design innovations in maintaining device safety and reducing the risks associated with electromagnetic field exposure.