Effect of Occupational Exposure to Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Cataract Development

Authors: Validad MH, Mahjoob M, Pishjo M, Diani M, Rakhshandadi T

Year: 2025 Apr 25

Category: Epidemiology

Journal: Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research

Institution: Zahedan Electricity Company

DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v20.12281

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40400659/

Abstract

Overview

⚡ Purpose: Cataracts are the second leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. This study aimed to examine the impact of occupational exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields on cataract development.

Methods

  • 100 employees of Zahedan Electricity Company were enrolled.
  • Participants assigned to four groups: regular, operational, operator personnel (all exposed), and non-exposure.
  • LOCS III grading system used to evaluate risk for different cataract types: nuclear, posterior subcapsular, and cortical.

Findings

  • 👁 Cataract frequency: 62.2% in the exposure group vs 53.8% in the non-exposure group.
  • Significant difference observed for nuclear opacity grading (P = 0.003).
  • 💡 Correlation found: Nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract grades were significantly associated with longer work experience in the exposure group (P < 0.018).

Conclusion

🚩 This study's findings indicate that occupational exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields, such as those found near power lines, power plants, and distribution posts, may be a risk factor for cataract development, especially nuclear cataracts.

low-frequency electromagnetic fields occupational exposure cataract eye health power lines visual impairment epidemiology
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