Abstract

Overview

This study investigates the impact of a magnetic field (MF) on the toxicity of insecticides targeting the bollworm (Earias insulana). It specifically examines the effects of two insecticides, emamectin benzoate and spinosad, under the influence of a magnetic field.

Findings

• Exposure to a 180 mT magnetic field increased the toxicity of emamectin benzoate and spinosad, as evidenced by lower lethal concentration (LC50) values.
• Magnetized insecticides prolonged the developmental stages of larvae and pupae compared to nonmagnetized conditions.
• Significant decreases in adult emergence and increases in deformations during the larval and pupal stages were noted.
• Sex ratios were also adversely affected by the combined exposure to the insecticides and magnetic field.
• Biochemical disruptions included decreased invertase activity and total proteins and carbohydrates, alongside an increase in amylase activity.

Conclusion

The combined effect of magnetic fields with insecticides significantly influences the growth, survival, and physiological parameters of Earias insulana, posing additional risks due to synergistic effects that deserve further attention in environmental health assessments.