Sodium ion transport across the endothelial glycocalyx layer under electric field conditions: A molecular dynamics study

Abstract

Overview

In this study, the transport of sodium ions across the endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL) under various electric field strengths is investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. This research is pioneering in its approach to study these dynamics under electric fields.

Findings

• The molarity difference of sodium ions across EGL layers is indicated by Δc, showcasing differences due to negatively charged glycocalyx sugar chains.
• A weak electric field is shown to increase Δc, irrespective of the direction of the electric field.
• Conversely, a strong electric field synchronizes sodium ion movement with the field direction.
• The charge distribution analysis of glycocalyx sugar chains indicates structural modifications which limit electric field control over ion transport.
• These modifications affect molecular interactions within the EGL, thus influencing the apparent bending stiffness of the glycocalyx.

Conclusion

The study concludes that the negative charges on glycocalyx sugar chains are crucial for maintaining the structural stability of the endothelial glycocalyx. A hypothesis about a threshold electric field strength necessary for controlling charged particles in the endothelium offers a new perspective on previous conflicting experimental results.